Відносні займенники – пов'язують підрядне речення з головним, при цьому вони відрізняються від сполучникiв тим, що є членами підрядного речення:
I know the lecturer who will make today’s report. (who служить підметом пiдрядного речення.) – Я знаю лектора, який сьогодні буде робити доповідь.
До відносних займенників належать:
who – який, хто
whose – чий, чия
which – який, хто
that – той, та, то
Займенник who позначає людей:
This is the engineer who has designed the new engine. – Ось той інженер, який створив новий двигун.
Займенник whose відображає приналежність живим предметам:
Do you remember the man whose car was stolen yesterday? – Пам'ятаєш людину, чию машину вчора викрали?
Займенник which (який, якого) відноситься до неживих предметів:
He showed me the museum which was founded 400 years ago. – Він показав мені музей, який був заснований 400 років тому.
Займенник that може ставитися і до живих, і до неживих предметів:
The musician that won the award is Italian. – Музикант, який виграв премію – італієць.
I like the book that I bought yesterday. – Мені подобається книга, яку я прочитав вчора.
Вправа 26
Поставте необхідний відносний займенник who, whose, which або that.
1. That is the shop … was awarded as the best shop in the city. 2. He didn’t follow the instructions … he was given, so he failed to pass the test. 3. The girl … brother goes with me to the gym is a good singer. 4. The girl … lived next door was very shy and couldn’t say a word to protect herself at school. 5. The man … broke into our house was caught in two days. 6. I need to buy a laptop … can work up to 5 hours without a charger. 7. She visits her grandmother … lives in the countryside every summer. 8. My father … is a doctor has no idea how to repair a car. 9. She was wearing a dress … looked like princess’. 10. The photo … is placed on the mantel was taken at the picnic two years ago. 11. The bookshelf … we bought last week has broken down. 12. The man … was sitting on the bench turned around and saw his granddaughter. 13. A woman … son was crying paid no attention to him. 14. The woman … car had broken down on her way home spent 3 hours waiting for help. 15. My best friend … I know for years will never let me down.
Вправа 27
Зробіть з двох речень одне, використовуючи who, whose, which або that.
That’s the dog. Its owner is French. – That’s the dog whose owner is French.
1. That’s the girl. She spoke to me yesterday. 2. What’s the name of the book? You want me to read it. 3. The hotel we stayed in. The hotel was very expensive. 4. I rent a house. It is very small. 5. The car was stolen. It was a BMW. 6. The man smoked forty cigarettes a day. He died of a heart attack. 7. That’s the building. I work there. 8. That’s the boy. His mother works in the post office.