«Чертовски сложная женщина» (a bloody difficult woman) – характеристика, данная британским политиком Кеннетом Кларком экс-премьер-министру Великобритании Терезе Мэй. Мэй в интервью с удовольствием повторяла его слова. – Прим. ред.
Бовуар С. де. Второй пол. Т. 1 и 2: Пер. с франц. / Общ. ред. и вступ. ст. С.Г. Айвазовой, коммент. М.В. Аристовой. – М.: Прогресс; СПб.: Алетейя, 1997. – Здесь и далее, за исключением специально оговоренных случаев, прим. пер.
Аристотель. О возникновении животных / Пер. с древнегреч. В.П. Карпова. – М. – Л.: Издательство АН СССР, 1940.
. http://science.sciencemag.org/content/164/3883/1045.1.
Slocum, Sally (1975), ‘Woman the gatherer: male bias in anthropology,’ in Reiter, Rayna R. ed. (1975), Toward an Anthropology of Women. Monthly Review Press.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/human-evolution-violence-instinct-to-kill-murder-each-other-a7335491.html.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature19758.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-06/uog-mdb061716.php.
http://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/news-and-views/social/no-women-arentas-likely-to-commit-violence-as-men-20141118-3km9x.html.
https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/htus8008.pdf.
http://www.unodc.org/documents/gsh/pdfs/2014_GLOBAL_HOMICIDE_BOOK_web.pdf.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/10/131008-women-handprints-oldest-neolithic-cave-art/.
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/sep/15/how-the-female-viking-warrior-was-written-out-of-history.
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/09/viking-warrior-woman-archaeology-spd/.
Там же.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/14/world/europe/sweden-viking-women-warriors-dna.html.
Там же.
Walker, Phillip (1995), ‘Problems of Preservation and Sexism in Sexing: Some Lessons from Historical Collections for Palaeodemographers’, in Saunders, S. R. and Herring A. (eds.), Grave Reflections, Portraying the Past through Cemetery Studies (Canadian Scholars’ Press, Toronto); https://namuhyou.wordpress.com/2016/06/18/sexism-when-sexing-your-skull-cultural-bias-when-sexing-the-skull/.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/14/world/europe/sweden-viking-women-warriors-dna.html.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/sep/18/battle-prejudice-warrior-women-ancient-amazons.
https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2015-05-06/warrior-women.
Общий род – грамматическая категория, соотносимая с представителями как мужского, так и женского пола в гендерно нейтральном контексте.
Hegarty, Peter and Buechel, Carmen (2006), ‘Androcentric Reporting of Gender Differences’, APA Journals: 1965–2004 Review of General Psychology, 10:4, 377–89; Vainapel, Sigal, Shamir, Opher Y., Tenenbaum, Yulie and Gilam, Gadi (2015), ‘The Dark Side of Gendered Language: The Masculine-Generic Form as a Cause for Self-Report Bias’, Psychological Assessment Issue, 27:4, 1513–19; Sczesny, Sabine, Formanowicz, Magda, and Moser, Franziska (2016), ‘Can Gender-Fair Language Reduce Gender Stereotyping and Discrimination?’, Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1–11; Horvath, Lisa Kristina and Sczesny, Sabine (2016), ‘Reducing women’s lack of fit with leadership positions? Effects of the wording of job advertisements’, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25:2, 316–28; Stout, Jane G. and Dasgupta, Nilanjana (2011), ‘When He Doesn’t Mean You: Gender-Exclusive Language as Ostracism’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36:6, 757–69; Vervecken, Dries, Hannover, Bettina and Wolter, Ilka (2013), ‘Changing (S) expectations: How gender fair job descriptions impact children’s perceptions and interest regarding traditionally male occupations’, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82:3, 208–20; Prewitt-Freilino, J. L., Caswell, T. A. and Laakso, E. K. (2012), ‘The Gendering of Language: A Comparison of Gender Equality in Countries with Gendered, Natural Gender, and Genderless Languages’, Sex Roles, 66: 3–4, 268–81; Gygax, Pascal, Gabriel, Ute, Sarrasin, Oriane, Oakhill, Jane and Garnham, Alan (2008), ‘Generically intended, but specifically interpreted: When beauticians, musicians, and mechanics are all men’, Language and Cognitive Processes, 23:3, 464–85; Stahlberg, D., Sczesny, S. and Braun, F. (2001), ‘Name your favorite musician: effects of masculine generics and of their alternatives in German’, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 20, 464–69.
Stahlberg, Sczesny and Braun (2001).
Sczesny, Formanowicz and Moser (2016); Vervecken, Hannover and Wolter (2013).
Stahlberg, D. and Sczesny, S. (2001), ‘Effekte des generischen Maskulinums und alternativer Sprachformen auf den gedanklichen Einbezug von Frauen’ [The impact of masculine generics on the cognitive inclusion of women], Psychol. Rundsch., 52, 131–40; Horvath and Sczesny (2016); Sczesny, Formanowicz and Moser (2016).
Stout and Dasgupta (2011); Sczesny, Formanowicz and Moser (2016).
Gygax, Gabriel, Sarrasin, Oakhill and Garnham (2008).
Vainapel, Shamir, Tenenbaum and Gilam (2015).
Ignacio Bosque, ‘Sexismo linguistico y visibilidad de la mujer’, http://www.rae.es/sites/default/files/Sexismo_linguistico_y_visibilidad_de_la_mujer_0.pdf.
Vainapel, Shamir, Tenenbaum and Gilam (2015).
Fireman – от англ. fire (огонь) и man (человек, мужчина).
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/feb/01/dany-cotton-london-fire-chief-sexist-abuse-over-firefighter-sam-campaign.
Horvath and Sczesny (2016).
Там же.
Там же.
Prewitt-Freilino, Caswell and Laakso (2012).
https://cdn.emogi.com/docs/reports/2016_emoji_report.pdf.
http://www.adweek.com/digital/report-92-of-online-consumers-use-emojiinfographic/.
Согласно большинству источников, первые эмодзи появились в 1998–1999 гг.
https://unicode.org/L2/L2016/16160-emoji-professions.pdf.
http://www.adweek.com/digital/report-92-of-online-consumers-use-emojiinfographic/.
http://www.unicode.org/L2/L2016/16181-gender-zwj-sequences.pdf.
Bradley, Adam, MacArthur, Cayley, Carpendale, Sheelagh and Hancock, Mark, ‘Gendered or Neutral? Considering the Language of HCI’, Graphics Interface Conference 2015, 3–5 June, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, http://graphicsinterface.org/wp-content/uploads/gi2015-21.pdf.
https://genderedinnovations.stanford.edu/institutions/bias.html.
Naureen Durrani (2008), ‘Schooling the ‘other’: the representation of gender and national identities in Pakistani curriculum texts’, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 38:5, 595–610.
Lambdin, Jennifer R., Greer, Kristen M., Jibotian, Kari Selby, Wood, Kelly Rice and Hamilton, Mykol C. (2003), ’The Animal = Male Hypothesis: Children’s and Adults’ Beliefs About the Sex of Non-Sex-Specific Stuffed Animals’, Sex Roles, 48:11–12, 471–482.
http://www.br-online.de/jugend/izi/deutsch/forschung/gender/IZI_Guidelines_WEB.pdf.
http://seejane.org/wp-content/uploads/key-findings-gender-roles-2013.pdf.
http://wmc.3cdn.net/dcdb0bcb4b0283f501_mlbres23x.pdf.
http://www.news.com.au/finance/money/australia-a-world-leaderin-female-representation-on-banknotes/news-story/3cf7c3b5ed3838075d571a64c7fcdff6.
Проект «Глобальный медиамониторинг» (The Global Media Monitoring Project, GMMP) – крупнейший исследовательский и правозащитный проект, нацеленный на анализ освещения гендерной проблематики в СМИ. Каждые пять лет с 1995 г. проект собирает данные по таким направлениям, как присутствие женщин в СМИ, дискриминация по половому признаку и гендерные стереотипы. Последнее исследование проводилось в 2015 г. по 114 странам.
http://cdn.agilitycms.com/who-makes-the-news/Imported/reports_2015/highlights/highlights_en.pdf.
Silvina Bongiovanni (2014), ‘‘No se preocupe la señora marquesa’: A study of gender bias in example sentences in the RAE grammar textbook’, IULC Working Papers, 14:1 https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/download/26200/31823.
Clark, Roger, Allard, Jeffrey and Mahoney, Timothy (2004) ‘How Much of the Sky? Women in American High School History Textbooks from the 1960s, 1980s and 1990s’, Social Education, 68:1, 57–62.
Amy L. Atchison (2017), ‘Where Are the Women? An Analysis of Gender Mainstreaming in Introductory Political Science Textbooks’, Journal of Political Science Education, 13:2, 185–199.
Iveta Silova (2016), ‘Gender Analysis of Armenian School Curriculum and Textbooks Policy Brief’, PhD (June 2016), Arizona State University, https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/24948/Gender0analysi0ooks000policy0brief.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y; Chiponda, Annie F and Wassermann, Johann (2016), ‘The depiction of women in the verbal text of a junior secondary Malawian history textbook – an analysis’, Yesterday & Today, 16, 40–59; https://www.ei-ie.org/en/woe_homepage/woe_detail/15405/curriculum-textbooks-and-gender-stereotypes-the-case-of-pakistan; Durrani (2008); Ullah, Hazir and Skelton, Christine (2013), ‘Gender representation in the public sector schools textbooks of Pakistan’, Educational Studies 39:2; 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2010 studies cit. Chiponda, Annie F and Wassermann, Johann (2016).
http://www.siliconera.com/2016/12/02/metroid-developers-discuss-decided-make-samus-aran-woman-new-interview/.
Исследовательский центр Пью (Pew Research Center) – американский исследовательский центр, занимающийся изучением социальных и демографических проблем, а также общественного мнения в США и мире.
http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/12/15/gaming-and-gamers/.
http://wmc.3cdn.net/dcdb0bcb4b0283f501_mlbres23x.pdf.
Выставка электронных развлечений (Electronic Entertainment Expo, E3) – ежегодная выставка компьютерных игр, игровых приставок, аксессуаров и т. д., проводимая Entertainment Software Association (ESA).
Feminist Frequency – сайт, посвященный анализу изображений женщин в массовой культуре.
https://feministfrequency.com/2015/06/22/gender-breakdown-of-games-showcased-at-e3-2015.
https://www.kotaku.co.uk/2015/07/15/fifas-struggle-to-include-women-reveals-a-lot-about-gamings-problems-with-diversity.
https://feministfrequency.com/2016/06/17/gender-breakdown-of-games-showcased-at-e3-2016/.
http://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/03/nyregion/campus-life-georgetown-white-male-writers-is-the-title-of-english-112.html.
https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/sep/05/suffragette-review-historical-drama-tub-thumps-hard-despite-having-your-vote.
https://ai2-s2-pdfs.s3.amazonaws.com/05e1/0638aab94ca0d46ddde8083ff69859a0401e.pdf.
https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/womens-blog/2016/aug/17/normal-society-means-male-andy-murray-venus-serena-williams?CMP=fb_gu.
https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2016/08/05/19/54/160805-wnt-a-historyof-the-usa-at-the-olympic-games.
http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/news/thor-aswoman-marvel-reveals-new-incarnation-of-superhero-in-comic-series-9608661.html.
https://www.wired.com/2015/10/hugo-awards-controversy.
http://www.mamamia.com.au/star-wars-movie-features-a-female-lead; http://screencrush.com/rogue-one-female-lead-angry-fans/.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/07/21/former-doctor-peter-davison-says-female-choice-role-means-loss/.
https://www.insider.com/doctor-who-first-woman-jodie-whittaker-sexist-reactions-2017-7.
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/nov/25/readers-prefer-authors-own-sex-goodreads-survey.
https://kotaku.com/ubisoft-cut-plans-for-female-assassins-in-unity-1589278349.
http://www.kotaku.co.uk/2014/06/16/whole-assassins-creed-thing.
См. также Anna Beer (2016): Sounds and Sweet Airs: The Forgotten Women of Classical Music, London.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-39191514.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/sep/18/battle-prejudice-warrior-women-ancient-amazons.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/01/caroline-louisa-daly-art-men-attribution.
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130519-women-scientists-overlooked-dna-history-science/.
http://www.newn.cam.ac.uk/about/history/biographies/.
Edexcel – один из экзаменационных советов Великобритании, контролирующий присвоение учащимся и выпускникам средних школ аттестатов и квалификаций.
Видимо, автор имеет в виду «Интернациональную энциклопедию женщин-композиторов» Аарона Коэна (International Encyclopedia of Women Composers, by Aaron I. Cohen), впервые изданную в 1981 г. и включавшую более 5000 статей.
Beer (2016).
Несмотря на то, что Фанни Гензель с детства считалась необычайно одаренной, отец сказал ей, что профессионально сочинять музыку позволительно ее брату, Феликсу Мендельсону, а для нее музыка может и должна остаться лишь дамским рукоделием, приятным времяпрепровождением.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-life/9790633/Will-Govesposh-white-blokes-history-curriculum-ignore-women.html.
Грэдграйнд – персонаж романа Чарльза Диккенса «Тяжелые времена» (1854), «поклонявшийся только фактам». – Прим ред.
www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationopinion/9973999/Sorry-NUTGoves-history-reforms-are-no-pub-quiz.html.
Найтингейл, Флоренс (1820–1910) – знаменитая британская сестра милосердия, социальный реформатор, статистик и основательница современного сестринского дела. Сикол, Мэри (1805–1881) – ямайская медсестра, участница Крымской войны. Элиот, Джордж (настоящее имя – Мэри Энн Эванс; 1819–1880) – английская писательница. Безант, Анни (1847–1933) – известный теософ, второй президент Теософского общества, борец за права женщин, писатель и оратор, сторонница независимости Ирландии и Индии. – Прим. ред.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/5077505/History-hasbeen-feminised-says-David-Starkey-as-he-launches-Henry-VIII-series.html.
https://teachingwomenshistory.com/teaching-resources/medieval-women/.
Организация, запрещенная в Российской Федерации.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/20/opinion/sunday/the-end-of-identity-liberalism.html?_r=0.
http://www.wbur.org/politicker/2016/11/21/bernie-sanders-berklee.
http://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/307014-sanders-dems-must-move-beyond-identity-politics.
https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/inquirer/donald-trumps-election-a-rejection-of-identity-politics/news-story/147b11c08b64702d3f9be1821416cb72.
https://twitter.com/RichardBurgon/status/822417591713075201.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/dec/01/blame-trump-brexit-identity-liberalism.
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/educationopinion/9973999/Sorry-NUT-Goves-history-reforms-are-no-pub-quiz.html.
https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes372012.htm.
Bourdieu, Pierre (1972) Outline of a Theory of Practice, Nice, Richard trans. (1977), Cambridge.
http://theconversation.com/donald-trump-and-the-rise-of-white-identity-inpolitics-67037.
http://www.vox.com/2016/11/1/13480416/trump-supporters-sexism.
https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/28542/120500.pdf?sequence=6.
https://whyy.org/articles/septa-has-largest-percentage-of-female-riders-64-among-large-transit-agencies/.
Ceccato, Vania (2017), ‘Women’s victimisation and safety in transit environments’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 19:3–4, 163–7".
http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/archives/ebs/ebs_422a_en.pdf: World Bank (2007), Gender and Urban Transport: Fashionable and Affordable Module 7a Sustainable Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers in Developing Cities.
http://www.wnyc.org/story/283137-census-data-show-public-transit-gender-gap/.
Ceccato (2017).
http://content.tfl.gov.uk/travel-in-london-understanding-our-diverse-communities-2019.pdf.
http://content.tfl.gov.uk/gender-equality-scheme-2007-2010.pdf.
Sanchez de Madariaga, Ines, ‘Mobility of Care: Introducing New Concepts in Urban Transport’, in Roberts, Marion and Sanchez de Madariaga, Ines (eds.) (2013), Fair Shared Cities: The Impact of Gender Planning in Europe, Farnham.
https://www.leru.org/files/Gendered-Research-and-Innovation-Full-paper.pdf.
Rolfsman, E., P.-O. Bylund, and B.-I. Saveman. 2012. “Single Injury Incidents among Pedestrians and Bicyclists in Northern Sweden – Safety and Preventive Issues.” Safety Science Monitor 16 (1): 1–10.
https://lucris.lub.lu.se/ws/files/6151586/2295991.pdf.
https://www.leru.org/files/Gendered-Research-and-Innovation-Full-paper.pdf.
https://www.thelocal.se/20161112/stockholm-transport-heads-defends-gender-equal-snow-clearing; https://heatst.com/world/feminist-snowplowing-system-brings-stockholm-to-a-standstill/.
Heat Street – сайт, основанный в 2016 г. британским блогером, писателем и бывшим депутатом парламента Луизой Менш и посвященный обсуждению политических, экономических, культурных и других событий с правоцентристских и либертарианских позиций. В 2017 г. сайт прекратил самостоятельное существование, влившись в сайт Market Watch..
https://heatst.com/world/feminist-snow-plowing-system-brings-stockholmto-a-standstill/.
https://www.dn.se/arkiv/stockholm/jamstalld-snorojning-blev-ett-fiasko-i-ovadret/.
https://thecityfix.com/blog/brasilia-brazil-women-bus-stop-night-safety-sexual-assault-luisa-zottis/.
http://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm/ResultDoc/download/DocumentKy/61244.
Sanchez de Madariaga (2013).
https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/07/unless-living-standards-improve-theresa-mays-cameron-tribute-act-will-continue.
https://www.unison.org.uk/content/uploads/2014/06/On-line-Catalogue224222.pdf.
https://itdpdotorg.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/7aGenderUTSept300.pdf; World Bank (2007).
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTSOCIALDEVELOPMENT/Resources/244362–1265299949041/6766328–1270752196897/Gender_Infrastructure2.pdf.
Sanchez de Madariaga (2013); Tran, Hoai Anh and Schlyter, Ann (2010), ‘Gender and class in urban transport: the cases of Xian and Hanoi’, Environment and Urbanization, 22:1, 139–55.
https://wricitieshub.org/sites/default/files/Final_Report_24082015_0.pdf; http://content.tfl.gov.uk/travel-in-london-understanding-our-diverse-communities-2019.pdf.
http://content.tfl.gov.uk/travel-in-london-understanding-our-diverse-communities-2019.pdf.
http://genderedinnovations.stanford.edu/case-studies/urban.html.
https://tfl.gov.uk/fares/find-fares/bus-and-tram-fares.
http://humantransit.org/2010/02/the-power-and-pleasure-of-grids.html.
http://humantransit.org/2014/08/charging-for-connections-is-insane.html.
https://las.depaul.edu/centers-and-institutes/chaddick-institute-for-metropolitan-development/research-and-publications/Documents/Have%20App%20Will%20Travel%20Uber%20-%20CTA.pdf.
Там же.
http://webfoundation.org/docs/2015/10/womens-rights-online_Report.pdf.
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GGGR16/WEF_Global_Gender_Gap_Report_2016.pdf.
https://conversableeconomist.blogspot.com/2015/10/unpaid-care-work-women-and-gdp.html.