Сноски

1

Гайдар Е. Гибель империи. Уроки для современной России. – М.: Российская политическая энциклопедия, 2007.

2

Vagit Alekperov, Oil of Russia: Past, Present & Future (Minneapolis: East View Press, 2011), pp. 323–328.

3

Randolph S. Churchill, Winston Churchill, vol. 2, Young Statesman, 1901–1914 (London: Heinemann, 1968), p. 529 («bully»); Winston S. Churchill, The World Crisis, vol. 1 (New York: Scribners, 1928), pp. 130–36.

4

Интервью с Робертом Андерсоном.

5

«George Bissell: Compiled by his Grandson, Pelham St. George Bissell,» Dartmouth College Library; Paul H. Giddens, The Birth of the Oil Industry (New York: Macmillan, 1938), p. 52, chap. 3; Harold F. Williamson and Arnold R. Daum, The American Petroleum Industry, vol. 1, The Age of Illumination, 1859–1899 (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1959), pp. 23–24. Giddens and Williamson and Daum are basic sources. Paul H. Giddens, Pennsylvania Petroleum, 1750–1872: A Documentary History (Titusville: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1947), p. 54 («Seneca oil»); J.T. Henry, The Early and Later History of Petroleum (Philadelphia: Jas. B. Rodgers Co., 1873), pp. 82–83; Henry H. Townsend, New Haven and the First Oil Well (New Haven, 1934), pp. 1–3 («curative powers» and poem).

6

Gerald T. White, Scientists in Conflict: The Beginnings of the Oil Industry in California (San Marino: Huntington Library, 1968), pp. 38–45 (on Silliman); Petroleum Gazette, April 8, 1897, p. 8; Paul H. Giddens, The Begnnings of the Oil Industry: Sources and Bibliography (Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical Commission, 1941), pp. 23 («I can promise»), 62 («unexpected success»); Giddens, Beginnings of the Oil Industry: Sources, pp. 33–35, 40 («hardest times»), 38, 8 («turning point»); B. Silliman, Jr., Report on the Rock Oil, or Petroleum, from Venango Co., Pennsylvania (New Haven: J. H. Benham's, 1855), pp. 9–10, 20.

7

Abraham Gesner, A Practical Treatise on Coal, Petroleum, and Other Distilled Oils, ed. George W. Gesner, 2d ed. (New York: Baillie're Bros., 1865), chap. 1; Henry, Early and Later History of Petroleum, p. 53; Kendall Beaton, «Dr. Gesner's Kerosene: The Start of American Oil Refining», Business History Review 29 (March 1955), pp. 35–41 («new liquid hydrocarbon»); Gregory Patrick Nowell, «Realpolitik vs. Transnational Rent-Seeking: French Mercantilism and the Development of the World Oil Cartel, 1860–1939» (Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1988), pp. 104–08; Business History Review, ed., Oil's First Century (Boston: Harvard Business School, 1960), pp. 8 («coal oils»), 19 («impetuous energy»).

8

R. J. Forbes, Bitumen and Petroleum in Antiquity (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1936), pp. 11–21, 57 («incredible miracles»), 92 («eyelashes»), 95–99; R.J.Forbes, Studies in Early Petroleum History (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1958), pp. 150–53; R. J. Forbes, More Studies in Early Petroleum History (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1959), pp. 20 («unwearied fire»), 71 («pitch and tow»).

9

S. J. M. Eaton, Petroleum: A History of the Oil Region of Venango County, Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: J. B. Skelly & Co., 1865), pp. 211–13; Beaton, «Dr. Gesner's Kerosene,» pp. 44–45.

10

«Brief Development of the Petroleum Industry in Penn. Prepared at the Request of and Under the Supervision of James M. Townsend,» D-14, Drake Well Museum («Oh Townsend»).

11

E. L. Drake manuscript, D-96, Drake Well Museum, p. 4 («I had made up my mind»); Herbert Asbury, The Golden Flood: An Informal History of America's First Oil Field (New York: Knopf, 1942), pp. 52–53 (Drake to Townsend); Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, pp. 30–31, 59–61 («Yankee»).

12

Forbes, More Studies in Early Petroleum History, p. 141 («light of the age»); Giddens, Beginnings of the Oil Industry: Sources, pp. 81–83 (Bissell to wife), 59 («I claim»); Leon Burr Richardson, «Brief Biographies of Buildings – Bissell Hall,» Dartmouth Alumni Magazine, February 1943, pp. 18–19; Henry, Early and Later History of Petroleum, p. 349 («name and fame»); Townsend, «Brief Development,» D-14, Drake Well Museum («whole plan»); Giddens, Pennsylvania Petroleum, p. 189 («milk of human kindness»).

13

Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, pp. 71 («hive of bees»), 169, 95 («mine is ruined»).

14

Paul H. Giddens, The American Petroleum Industry: Its Beginnings in Pennsylvania! (New York: Newcomen Society, 1959), p. 28; Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, pp. 87, 123–24 («profits of petroleum» and «assailed Congress»), chap. 9.

15

Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, p. 137 («smells»); William С Darrah, Pithole: The Vanished City (Gettysburg, Pa., 1972), pp. 34–35 («liquor and leases» and «vile liquor»), 230–31; Giddens, American Petroleum Industry, p. 21 (song titles); Paul H. Giddens, Early Days of Oil: A Pictorial History (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1948), p. 17 («Oil on the brain»).

16

Williamson and Daum, Age of Illumination, pp. 375–77, 759 («hidden veins»), app. E; August W. Giebelhaus, Business and Government in the Oil Industry: A Case Study of Sun Oil, 1876–1945 (Greenwich: JAI Press, 1980), p. 2.

17

Andrew Cone and Walter R. Johns, Petrolia: A Brief History of the Pennsylvania Petroleum Region (New York: D. Appleton, 1870), pp. 99–100 («Oil Creek mud»); Henry, Early and Later History of Petroleum, p. 286; Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, pp. 125–26 («oil and land excitement»); Samuel W. Tait, Jr., The Wildcatters: An Informal History of Oil-Hunting in America (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1946), pp. 26–31.

18

John J. McLaurin, Sketches in Crude Oil, 3rd ed. (Franklin, Penn., 1902), 3d ed., pp. 316–21; Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, pp. 182–83 («favorite speculative commodity»); John H. Barbour, «Sketch of the Pittsburgh Oil Exchange,» Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 11 (July 1928), pp. 127–43.

19

John D. Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences of Men and Events (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1909), p. 81 («I'll go no higher»); Allan Nevins, Study in Power: John D. Rockefeller, Industrialist and Philanthropist (New York: Scribners, 1953), vol. 1, pp. 35–36 («I ever point»). Nevins remains the standard biographical source.

20

David Freeman Hawke, John D.: The Founding Father of the Rockefellers (New York: Harper & Row, 1980), pp. 2–6, 27; Grace Goulder, John D. Rockefeller: The Cleveland Years (Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1972), p. 10 («trade with the boys»); John K. Winkler, John D.: A Portrait in Oils (New York: Vanguard Press, 1929), p. 14; Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, pp. 10–14 («something big» and «methodical»); Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, p. 46 («intimate conversations»).

21

Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, p. 19 («Great Game»); Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, pp. 81 («All sorts»), 21 («bookkeeper»); John Ise, The United States Oil Policy (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1928), pp. 48–49.

22

Edward N. Akin, Flagler: Rockefeller Partner and Florida Baron (Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1988), pp. 3–18, 19 («competition» and «Keep your head»), 27 («A friendship»); Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, pp. 11 («vim and push»), 13 («walks»), 19; John T. Flynn, God's Gold: The Story of Rockefeller and His Times (London: George Harrap & Co., 1933), p. 172 («bold, unscrupulous»); John W. Martin, Henry M. Flagler (1830–1913): Florida's East Coast Is His Monument! (New York: Newcomen Society, 1956), pp. 8–11 («American Riviera»).

23

John G. McLean and Robert W. Haigh, The Growth of Integrated Oil Companies (Boston: Harvard Business School, 1954), pp. 59–63; W. Trevor Halliday, John D. Rockefeller (1839–1937): Industrial Pioneer and Man (New York: Newcomen Society, 1948), p. 14 («standard quality»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, pp. 80–83 («Who would ever»), 97 («independently rich»), 99–100 («idea was mine»); Hawke, John D., pp. 44–46, 54 («independence of woman»), Dictation by Mr. Rockefeller, June 7, 1904, Rockefeller family, JDR, Jr., Business Interviews, Box 118, «S.O. Company – Misc.» folder, Rockefeller archives («It was desirable»).

24

Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, pp. 107 («crudest»), 117 («Monster» and «Forty Thieves»), 128, 114–15 («newspaper articles» and «private contracts»), 104 («try our plan»), 172 («mining camp»); Chester McArthur Destler, Roger Sherman and the Independent Oil Men (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1967), pp. 28, 34 («but one buyer»), 37 («dry up Titusville»).

25

David Freeman Hawke, ed., John D. Rockefeller Interview, 1917–1920: Conducted by William O. Inglis (Westport, Conn, Meckler Publishing, 1984), pp. 4 («cut-throat»), 6 («safe and profitable»); Hawke, John D., pp. 79 («war or peace»), 106 («good sweating»), 170 («brass band»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, pp. 216 («feel sick»), 224 («barrel famine»), 223 («Morose»); Akin, Flagler, p. 67 («blankets»); McLean and Haigh, Integrated Oil, p. 63.

26

Archbold to Rockefeller, September 2, 1884, Box 51, Archbold folder (1.51.379), Business Interests, 1879–1894, RG 1.2, Rockefeller archives; Jerome Thomas Bentley, «The Effects of Standard Oil's Vertical Integration into Transportation on the Structure and Performance of the American Petroleum Industry, 1872–1884» (Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh, 1976), p. 27.

27

Archbold to Rockefeller, August 15, 1888, Box 51, Archbold folder (1.51.378), Business Interests, 1879–1894, RG 1.2, Rockefeller archives; Destler, Roger Sherman, pp. 85 («overweening»), 95 («Autocrat»), 132 («gang of thieves»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, p. 337 («Rockefeller will get you»).

28

Interview with Mr. Rogers, 1903, T-003, Tarbell papers («every foot» and inheritance); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, pp. 132–34 («pleasant» and «clamorer»); С. Т. White folder (87.1.59), Box 134, Business Interests, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., papers, Rockefeller archives (stockholding); Ralph W. Hidy and Muriel E. Hidy, History of Standard Oil Company (New Jersey) vol. 1, Pioneering in Big Business, 1882–1911 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1955), p. 6 («You gentlemen»).

29

Flynn, God's Gold, p. 131 («everything count»); Standard Oil – Rachel Crothers Group, T-014, Tarbell papers (espionage); Halliday, Rockefeller, p. 20; Hawke, John D., p. 50 («Hope if»); Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, pp. 6 («not… easiest of tasks»), 10 («just how fast»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, p. 324 («smarter than I»).

30

Goulder, Rockefeller, p. 223 («wise old owl»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, pp. 331, 326 («expose as little»), 157 («wonder how old»), 337 («anxiety»), 328 («ten letters»); vol. 2, p. 427 («unemotional man»); Ida M. Tarbell, The History of the Standard Oil Company (New York: McClure, Phillips & Company, 1904), vol. 1, pp. 105–06.

31

Vinnie Crandall Hicks to Ida Tarbell, June 29,1905, T-020 and Marshall Bond to Ida Tarbell, July 3, 1905, T-021, Tarbell papers («Sunday school» and «Buzz»); Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, pp. 25–26; Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 2, pp. 84 («dentist's chair»), 91–95 («poulets» and «life principle»), 193–94 («best investment» and «spare change»); William Manchester, A Rockefeller Family Portrait, from John D. to Nelson (Boston: Little, Brown, 1959), pp. 25–26; Flynn, God's Gold, pp. 232–35, 280.

32

Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, p. 58 («volume»); Williamson and Daum, Age of Illumination, p. 320 («length of life»); Catherine Beecher and Harriet Beecher Stowe, The American Women's Home or Principles of Domestic Science (New York: J. B. Ford, 1869), pp. 362–63 («explosions»).

33

Willamson and Daum, Age of Illumination, pp. 526 («gas bill»), 678, 249 («sewing circles»); Gerald Carson, The Old Country Store (New York: Oxford University Press, 1954), p. 188 («lively country store»).

34

Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 177–78 («Our business» and «drink every gallon»), 8; Paul H. Giddens, Standard Oil Company (Indiana): Oil Pioneer of the Middle West (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1955), p. 2 («vanishing phenomena»); S. Cornifort to Archbold, June 27,1885, Box 51, Archbold folder (1.5.379), Business Interests, 1879–1894, R.G. 1.2, Rockefeller archives («one hundred to one»), Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 2, p. 3; Edgar Wesley Owen, Trek of the Oil Finders: A History of Exploration for Oil (Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1975), pp. 124–26.

35

Giddens, Standard Oil Company (Indiana), pp. 2–7 («skunk juice»); Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, pp. 7–9; Hawke, John D., pp. 182–83 («conservative brethren»); 185; Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 2, pp. 3, 101 («Buy»).

36

Giddens, Standard Oil Company (Indiana), p. 19 («entirely ignorant»); Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 279 (Seep), 87; Gilbert Montagu, The Rise and Progress of the Standard Oil Company (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1903), p. 132 («best possible consensus»).

37

Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences, pp. 60 («large scale»), 29; Halliday, Rockefeller, pp. 10 («instinctively realized»), 16 («conceived the idea»); Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 120–21, 38–39 (Mineral Resources); Destler, Roger Sherman, pp. 47 («body and soul»), 192; Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 2, pp. 54, 78, 129 («success unparalleled»); J. W. Fawcett, T-082, Tarbell papers.

38

Lockhart interview, p. 3, T-003 (with Rogers interview), Tarbell papers («Give the poor man»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 1, p. 402 («day of combination»); vol. 2, pp. 379–87; Mark Twain with Charles Dudley Warner, The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today (NewYork: TridentPress, 1964), pp. 271 («giant schemes»), 1; Flynn, God's Gold, pp. 4–5; Tarbell, History of Standard Oil, vol. 2, p. 31 («cut to kill»).

39

Giddens, The Birth of the Oil Industry, pp. 96–98 («Yankee invention»); Williamson and Daum, Age of Illumination, pp. 488–89 («drill»); J. D. Henry, Thirty-five Years of Oil Transport: Evolution of the Tank Steamer (London: Bradbury, Agnew 8(Co., 1907), pp. 5, 172–74; Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 122–23 («forced its way»).

40

Giddens, Birth of the Oil Industry, p. 99 («safe to calculate»); Robert W. Tolf, The Russian Rockefellers: The Saga of the Nobel Family and the Russian Oil Industry (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1976), chaps. l and 2, pp. 41–46 («pillars» and «walnut money»); Boverton Redwood, Petroleum: A Treatise, 4th ed. (London: Charles Griffen & Co., 1922), vol. 1, pp. 3–9 (Marco Polo), 36–46; Forbes, Studies in Early Petroleum History, pp. 154–62; John P. McKay, «Entrepreneurship and the Emergence of the Russian Petroleum Industry, 1813–1883,» Research in Economic History 8 (1982), pp. 63–64.

41

Owen, Trek of the Oil Finders, pp. 4, 150; Tolf, Russian Rockefellers, pp. 108 («Oil King»), 149 («Nobelites»); J. D. Henry, Baku: An Eventful History (London: Archibald, Constable & Co., 1905), pp. 51–52; Williamson and Damn, Age of Illumination, pp. 637–41 («difficulty»), 517; W. J. Kelly and Tsureo Kano, «Crude Oil Production in the Russian Empire, 1818–1919,» Journal of European Economic History 6 (Fall 1977), pp. 309–10; McKay, «Entrepreneurship,» pp. 48–55, 87 («greatest triumphs»).

42

Charles Marvin, The Region of Eternal Fire: An Account of a Journey to the Petroleum Region of the Caspian in 1883, new ed. (London: W. H. Allen, 1891), pp. 234–35 («chimney-pot»); Sidney Pollard and Conn Holmes, Industrial Power and National Rivalry, 1870–1914, vol. 2 of Documents of European Economic History (London: Edward Arnold, 1972), pp. 108–10 («American kerosene»); С. E. Stewart, «Petroleum Field of South Eastern Russia,» 1886, Russia File, Oil, Box C-8, Pearson papers; Tolf, Russian Rockefellers, pp. 80–86 («main point» and «speculation»); Williamson and Daum, Age of Illumination, p. 519 («2000 miles»); Bertrand Gille, «Capitaux Français et Pétroles Russes (1884–94),» Histoire de Enterprises 12 (November 1963), p. 19; Virginia Cowles, The Rothschilds: A Family of Fortune (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1973), chaps. 7–8; Henry, Baku, pp. 74, 79.

43

Archbold to Rockefeller, August 19, 1884, and July 6, 1886, Archbold folder (1.5.381), Box 51, Business Interests, 1878–1894, R.G. 1.2, Rockefeller archives. Tolf, Russian Rockefellers, pp. 47–48 («fountains»); Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 2, p. 116; Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 138–39 («Russian competition»).

44

Archbold to Rockefeller, July 6, 1886, Archbold folder (1.5.381), Box 51, Business Interests, 1879–1894, R.G. 1.2, Rockefeller archives; Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil vol. 1, pp. 147–53 (poem and «competitive commerce»); Henry, Baku, p. 116; Tolf, Russian Rockefellers, pp. 96–97, 107–09; Nicholas Halasz, Nobel: A Biography of Alfred Nobel (New York: Orion Press, 1959), pp. 3–5 («dynamite king»), 211–13.

45

Shady (англ.) – ненадежный, жуликоватый. – Прим. пер.

46

Race (англ.) – забег; раса (игра слов). – Прим. пер.

47

Robert Henriques, Marcus Samuel: First Viscount Bearsted and Founder of the 'Shell' Transport and Trading Company, 1853–1927 (London: Barrie and Rockliff, 1960), pp. 74–75 («go-between»), 44 («lovely day»). Книга Хенрикса является не только биографией Сэмюеля, но и наиболее полной работой о становлении Shell. Geoffrey Jones, The State and the Emergence of the British Oil Industry (London: Macmillan, 1981), pp. 19–20 («Shady Lane»).

48

Henriques, Marcus Samuel pp. 80 («powerful company»), 96, 83, 112 («Hebrew influence»), 108 («to block»); Henry, Thirty-five Years of Oil Transport, pp. 41–47.

49

Хибати – вид японской жаровни. – Прим. ред.

50

«Petroleum in Bulk and the Suez Canal,» Economist, January 9, 1892, pp. 36–38; Henriques, Marcus Samuel pp. 109–11 («got cheaper»), 138–40 («wire handles»); Henry, Thirty-five Years of Oil Transport, p. 50; R. J. Forbes and D. R. O'Beirne, The Technical Development of the Royal Dutch/Shell, 1890–1940 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1957), pp. 529–30.

51

Олдермен – член муниципалитета, представляющий район (в Лондоне). – Прим. пер.

52

Henriques, Marcus Samuel, pp. 52–54 («two brothers»).

53

Archbold to Rockefeller, December 15, 1891, Frank Rockefeller folder, Box 64; Archbold to Rockefeller, July 13 («quite confident»), July 22, 1892, Archbold folder (1.51.381), Box 51, Business Interests, 1878–1894, R.G. 1.2, Rockefeller archives. Gille, «Capitaux Francais et Pe'troles Russes,» pp. 43–48 («crisis»); Tolf, Russian Rockefellers, pp. 116–117 («on behalf»); F. С Gerretson, History of the Royal Dutch, vol. 2 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1955), p. 35. Geltetson's 4-volume work extensively details the rise of Royal Dutch.

54

Малайзия была образована лишь в 1963 г. Вероятно, имеются в виду британские колонии, вошедшие впоследствии в состав Федерации Малайзии, а именно Малайя, Саравак или Сабах. – Прим. ред.

55

Gerretson, Royal Dutch, vol. 1, pp. 22 («earth oil»), 89–90 («won't bend»), 129–34 («do not feel» and «mighty storm»), 163–65 («Half-heartedness» and «stagnate»), 171 («things go wrong»), 224 («object of terror»), 174 («pretend to be poor»).

56

Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 261–67 (Standard reps in East Indies, «Every day,» «Dutch obstacles» and «sentimental barrier»); Gerretson, Royal Dutch, vol. 1, pp. 282–84 («into its power»); vol. 2, p. 48 («pity»); Henriques, Marcus Samuel, pp. 181 («Dutchman»), 184 («still open»).

57

Gerald T. White, Formative Years in the Far West: A History of Standard Oil of California and Its Predecessors Through 1919 (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1962), pp. 199, 267, 269.

58

Harold G. Passer, The Electrical Manufacturers, 1875–1900 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1953), pp. 180–81 («fuzz on a bee»); Arthur A. Bright, Jr., The Electric Lamp Industry: Technological Change and Economic Development from 1800 to 1947 (New York: Macmillan, 1949), pp. 68–69; Thomas P. Hughes, Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880–1930 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983), pp. 55, 73, 176, 227 («Londoners»); Leslie Hannah, Electricity Before Nationalization (London: Macmillan, 1979), chap. 1.

59

James J. Flink, America Adopts the Automobile, 1895–1910 (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1970), pp. 42–50 («Get a horse,» «skeptical» and «theme for jokers»), 64 («automobile is the idol»); John B. Rae, American Automobile Manufacturers: The First Forty Years (Philadelphia: Chilton Company, 1959), pp. 33 («Horseless Carriage fever»), 31; George S. May, A Most Unique Machine: The Michigan Origins of the American Automobile Industry (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans Publishing, 1975), pp. 56–57; Allan Nevins, Ford: The Times, the Man, the Company, vol. 1 (New York: Scribners, 1954), pp. 133, 168, 237, 442–57.

60

Williamson and Daunt, Age of Illumination, pp. 569–81; Arthur M. Johnson, The Development of American Petroleum Pipelines: A Study in Private Enterprise and Public Policy, 1862–1906 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1956), pp. 173–83 («gloved hand»); Austin Leigh Moore, John D. Archbold and the Early Development of Standard Oil (New York: Macmillan, [1930]), pp. 197–202 («champions of independence»).

61

White, Standard Oil of California, pp. 8–13 («fabulous wealth» and «without limit»).

62

Spindle (англ.) – веретено. – Прим. пер.

63

Буффало Билл – прозвище Коуди Уильяма Фредерика (1846–1917), известного скаута и шоумена в США. – Прим. ред.

64

Patillo Higgins Oral History, II, pp. 7–9; Carl Coke Rister, Oil! Titan of the Southwest (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1949), pp. 3–5, 34, 56–59; James A. Clark and Michael T. Halbouty, Spindletop (New York: Random House, 1952), pp. 4–5, 22, 27, 38–42 («Tell that Captain»); John O. King, Joseph Stephen Cullinan: A Study of Leadership in the Texas Petroleum Industry, 1897–1937 (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1970), pp. 12–21, 17 («Dash and push»). F. Lucas to E. DeGolyer, May 6, 1920, 1074 («visions»); John Galey to E. DeGolyer, August 22, 1941, 535, DeGolyer papers. Mody С Boatwright and William A. Owen, Tales from the Derrick Floor (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1970), p. 14 («Dr. Drill»); W.L.Mellon and Boyden Sparkes, Judge Mellon's Sons (Pittsburgh, 1948), pp. 148–50 («bewitched»); Robert Henriques, Marcus Samuel p. 346 («example»).

65

Swindl (англ.) – надувательство. – Прим. пер.

66

Young Ladies Oil Company (англ.) – дословно «Нефтяная компания молоденьких девушек». – Прим. пер.

67

Allen Hamill Oral History, I, pp. 20–21 («All»), 34; James Kinnear Oral History, I, pp. 15–19, II, p. 16; T. A. Rickard, «Anthony F. Lucas and the Beaumont Gusher,» Mining and Scientific Press, December 22, 1917, pp. 887–94; Rister, Oill, pp. 60–67; Clark and Halbouty, Spindletop, pp. 88–89 («X-ray eyes»); Burt Hull, «Founding of the Texas Company: Some of Its Early History,» pp. 8–9, Collection 6850, Continental Oil, University of Wyoming.

68

Shell (англ.) – ракушка. – Прим. пер.

69

Henriques, Marcus Samuel, pp. 353 («pioneers»), 341–45 («magnitude» and «opponent»), 349, 350 («failure of supplies»); Harold F. Williamson, Ralph L. Andreano, Arnold R. Daum, and Gabert С. Klose, The American Petroleum Industry, vol. 2, The Age of Energy, 1899–1959 (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1963), pp. 16, 22; Clark and Halbouty, Spindletop, pp. 100–01.

70

Modus vivendi (лат.) – временное соглашение, урегулирование. – Прим. пер.

71

Mellon, Judge Melton's Sons, pp. 153–162 («epic card game» and «real way»), 269 («We're out»), 276–78 («just about as bad» and «good management»), 274–75 («main problem»); Henriques, Marcus Samuel, pp. 462–66 (Samuel's diary).

72

Mellon, Judge Mellon's Sons, pp. 272–73 («Standard made the price,» «at the mercy» and «by your leave»), 282 («marketable»), 284 («hitch onto»); John G. McLean and Robert Haigh, The Growth of Integrated Oil Companies, pp. 78–79; King, Cullinan, p. 179 («throwed me out»). On the fate of the pioneers: Rickard, «Anthony F. Lucas,» p. 892; Oillnvestors Journal, March 1, 1904, p. 3 («Owing» and «milked too hard»); Clark and Halbouty, Spindletop, pp. 123–27(«whole honor»); Thomas Galey, «Guffey and Galey and the Genesis of the Gulf Oil Corporation,» January 1951, P448 (Gulf Oil), Petroleum Collection, University of Wyoming («Difficult times» and «lost track»); Al Hamill to Thomas W. Galey, February 21, 1951, P448 (Gulf Oil), Petroleum Collection, University of Wyoming («dribble»).

73

August W. Giebelhaus, Sun Oil, 1876–1945, pp. 42–43 («five cents»).

74

Buck skin (англ.) – оленья кожа. – Прим. пер.

75

Hog (англ.) – в данном случае «грубиян». – Прим. пер.

76

Curt Hamill Oral History, II, p. 29 («Hogg's my name»); Robert С. Cotner, James Stephen Hogg (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1959), pp. 437–39 («Northern men»); King, Cullinan, pp. 107 («Tammany»), 180–82 («time will come»), 186 («butt into everything»), 190–94 («Texas deals» and «boarding-house brawl»).

77

С разработкой месторождений в северной части побережья Мексиканского залива и в Калифорнии контроль Standard над внутренней нефтедобычей сократился с 90 % в 1880 г. до 60–65 % в 1911 г. Business History Review, ed., Oil's First Century (Boston: Harvard Business School, 1960), pp. 73–82; Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 416, 473, 462; Joseph A. Pratt, «The Petroleum Industry in Transition: Antitrust and the Decline of Monopoly Control in Oil,» Journal of Economic History 40 (December 1980), pp. 815–37; Ida Tarbell, All in the Day's Work (New York: Macmillan, 1939), p. 215 («no end of the oil»).

78

Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 213–214 («craze» and «Our friends»); Bruce Bringhurst, Antitrust and the Oil Monopoly: The Standard Oil Cases, 1890–1911 (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1979), pp. 25 («Clam»), 52–58 («Democratic Leader»), 63, 90 (Republic Oil ads); Pratt, «Petroleum Industry in Transition,» p. 832 («blind tigers»).

79

Nevins, Study in Power, vol. 2, pp. 276–78; Hidy and Hidy, Standard Oil, vol. 1, pp. 231–32 («gentlemen»); Peter Collier and David Horowitz, The Rockefellers: An American Dynasty (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976), pp. 45–46, 645.

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