– Относительные местоимения – связывают придаточное предложение с главным, при этом они отличаются от союзов тем, что являются членами придаточного предложения:
I know the lecturer who will make today’s report. (who служит подлежащим придаточного предложения) – Я знаю лектора, который сегодня будет делать доклад.
К относительным местоимениям относятся:
who – который, кто, whose – чей, чьё, which – который, кто, that – тот, та, то
Местоимение who обозначает людей:
This is the engineer who has designed the new engine. – Вот тот инженер, который создал новый двигатель.
Местоимение whose отражает принадлежность к одушевленным предметам:
Do you remember the man whose car was stolen yesterday? – Помнишь человека, чью машину вчера угнали?
Местоимение which (который, которого) относится к неодушевленным предметам:
He showed me the museum which was founded 400 years ago. – Он показал мне музей, который был основан 400 лет назад.
Местоимение that может относиться и к одушевленным, и к неодушевленным предметам:
The musician that won the award is Italian. – Музыкант, который выиграл премию – итальянец.
I like the book that I bought yesterday. – Мне нравится книга, которую я купил вчера.
Упражнение 26
Поставьте необходимое относительное местоимение who, whose, which или that.
1. That is the shop … was awarded as the best shop in the city. 2. He didn’t follow the instructions … he was given, so he failed to pass the test. 3. The girl … brother goes with me to the gym is a good singer. 4. The girl … lived next door was very shy and couldn’t say a word to protect herself at school. 5. The man … broke into our house was caught in two days. 6. I need to buy a laptop … can work up to 5 hours without a charger. 7. She visits her grandmother … lives in the countryside every summer. 8. My father … is a doctor has no idea how to repair a car. 9. She was wearing a dress … looked like princess’. 10. The photo … is placed on the mantel was taken at the picnic two years ago. 11. The bookshelf … we bought last week has broken down. 12. The man … was sitting on the bench turned around and saw his granddaughter. 13. A woman … son was crying paid no attention to him. 14. The woman … car had broken down on her way home spent 3 hours waiting for help. 15. My best friend … I know for years will never let me down.
Упражнение 27
Сделайте из двух предложений одно, используя who, whose, which или that.
That’s the dog. Its owner is French. – That’s the dog whose owner is French.
1. That’s the girl. She spoke to me yesterday. 2. What’s the name of the book? You want me to read it. 3. The hotel we stayed in. The hotel was very expensive. 4. I rent a house. It is very small. 5. The car was stolen. It was a BMW. 6. The man smoked forty cigarettes a day. He died of a heart attack. 7. That’s the building. I work there. 8. That’s the boy. His mother works in the post office.