ЕГЭ-2024. Английский. Варианты на основе открытого банка ФИПИ - читать онлайн

ВАРИАНТ 1

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1 Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

1. Fitness at home is a cheap alternative to gyms.

2. Not all sports can be done at home.

3. Exercising at home has a lot of advantages.

4. You can do sports at home if you are strong-willed.

5. Fitness at home has many disadvantages.

6. A gym is the only place where you can do sports.

7. Doing exercise must give you positive emotions.

Говорящий / Утверждение

A

B

C

D

E

F

2 Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

1. Mike is happy with the weather.

2. Mike can play football very well.

3. Mike is fond of computer games.

4. Ann recommends the book shop on High Street.

5. Ann has watched Friends several times.

6. Ann likes the choice of actors in Friends.

7. Ann is pessimistic about future weather.

Утверждение / Соответствие диалогу

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3–9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3 What do we learn about Liza May at the beginning of the interview?

1) She will advertise her first book.

2) She has her own radio program.

3) She is a well-known specialist in her area.

Ответ:

4 Liza thinks interpretation is harder than translation because interpreters have to …

1) work while standing in one place.

2)translate in two directions in real-time.

3) express their emotions.

Ответ:

5 What does Liza point out about becoming an interpreter?

1) It’s too expensive.

2)It takes too much time.

3) It may require extra courses.

Ответ:

6 What does Liza NOT list as a reason for a growing demand for interpreters in the USA?

1) They get an exceptionally high salary.

2) The immigration rate to the USA is high.

3) The USA trades with many countries.

Ответ:

7 According to Liza, where can future interpreters get work experience?

1) By working as tour guides.

2) As unpaid volunteers.

3) By starting an import business.

Ответ:

8 Liza thinks an interpreter must be …

1) opinionated.

2) emotional.

3) accurate.

Ответ:

9 Liza advises future interpreters to …

1) watch TV in a foreign language.

2) ignore the cultural aspect of a language.

3) use smartphone translation apps.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 1–9 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 1 и 2 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10 Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Always in a hurry

2. The city of skyscrapers

3. Winning and losing

4. Unknown side of the city

5. Saving the variety

6. Getting around the city

7. For the holiday and more

8. Nickname for a building

A. New York is really the melting pot of the world. Over 30 percent of its residents have come from abroad. It is believed that the city has the greatest linguistic diversity on the planet. There are over 800 different languages divided among its people. As some of these languages are nearly extinct, the City University of New York has begun a project called the Endangered Language Alliance. Its aim is to preserve rare languages like Bukhari, Vhlaski, and Ormuri.

B. New Yorkers love to think they know everything about their city: where to find the best fruit, how to avoid paying full price at museums, what route to take to avoid traffic. But New York City can reveal new treasures even to its veterans. Beyond the city where New-Yorkers work, eat, play and commute every day lies a hidden New York: mysterious, forgotten, abandoned or just overlooked. There are places about which you’re not likely to read in any guidebook.

C. The Chrysler Building was in a race with the Bank of Manhattan for getting the title of the tallest skyscraper in the world. The Bank was likely to triumph, with its height of 282 meters. But the spire of the Chrysler Building was constructed in secret inside the tower. Just one week after the Bank of Manhattan was finished, it was put in place, making it 318 meters tall and beating the Bank. It wouldn’t keep this title for long: one year later the Empire State Building was erected.

D. The Flatiron Building was constructed between 1901 and 1903 at the intersection of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. It was designed by Chicago’s Daniel Burnham as a steel-frame skyscraper covered with white terra-cotta. Built as the headquarters of the Fuller Construction company, the skyscraper was meant to be named Fuller Building. But locals soon started calling it “Flatiron” because of its unusual shape. The name stuck and soon became official.

E. How does Rockefeller Center manage to find the perfect fur-tree each Christmas season? They do aerial searches by helicopter, of course, and bring it to the city during the night when there isn’t much traffic on the streets. After the tree is taken down for the year, it continues to be useful. For example, in 2005 Habitat for Humanity used the wood to make doorframes for houses for the poor and in 2012 the paper was used to publish a book.

F. In New York life never stands still. People have to call cabs, ride subway cars, do business of all kinds, eat pizzas and sandwiches for lunch. When you multiply that by more than eight million people in less than 500 square miles, you get the idea: everyone goes everywhere as fast as it is humanly possible. Whatever you do, don't stop in the middle of the sidewalk or you’ll make everyone around you incredibly angry.

G. New York is extremely easy to navigate. Manhattan is divided into numbered streets from north to south and avenues from east to west. It’s almost impossible to get lost there. Buses are useful to travel around Manhattan, and the subway is the best means of transport to the other parts of the city. At some stage you’ll definitely use a yellow taxi. Try to get one on an avenue that’s going in the same direction you are – you’ll save time and money. And don’t forget to leave a tip for the driver.

Ответ:

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

11 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Unique country

The world first discovered China through the writings of adventurer Marco Polo more than 700 years ago. Ever since, this large Asian country has come to be regarded as the embodiment of everything that is mysterious and exotic. Even now, A_______________________, this vast country has lost none of its attraction. Indeed, the contrast between China’s ancient customs and the new ultra-modern state has only increased the fascination with its culture B_______________________.

It is a culture that is much celebrated by the Chinese themselves, as evidenced by the preservation of such important historic sites as the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace in Beijing, C_______________________. And then, there is the famous Great Wall of China, D_______________________ from the Yellow Sea to Central Asia. Its countless shrines demonstrate the spirit of age-old Eastern religions. The cities of the Middle Kingdom, E_______________________ of over a million, and the coastal provinces, are today enjoying a soaring economic boom.

Thanks to its size, China is a great tourist destination. It offers limitless scope for exploration. Whether people choose to travel aboard a luxury cruise ship, F_______________________, this country is full of incredible experiences and sightseeing opportunities. China has something for every taste and all the essential ingredients for an unforgettable holiday in a beautiful country.

1. after many decades of economic growth

2. more than 50 of which have populations

3. that dates back more than 5000 years

4. winding for 6,700 kilometres all the way

5. each recalling the days of China’s emperors

6. or during the latest years of economic boom

7. or seek out the peace of an ancient temple

Ответ:

A

B

C

D

E

F

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Save a gap year until you graduate?

Taking a gap year after your graduation exams has gone out of fashion. It could be down to its notoriety, now that voluntourism schemes are widely considered self-serving. And then of course there’s the cost, which many students are avoiding in favour of travelling for a month or two. “A lot of my friends take the mick out of me saying, ‘Oh, you went to Cambodia on a gap year’,” says Beth Adams, 21, who studied politics and international relations at the University of Manchester, and took a year out after graduating. “You do feel like you’re fulfilling a stereotype a bit.”

According to researchers, the number of people deferring their university places has gone down from 8% in 2002 to around 5% last year. Instead of postponing university study, many graduates are taking a year out after receiving their degree. According to a survey carried out by YouGov and London Stansted airport, more young people are taking a gap year after university, and almost half of UK adults believe job prospects are enhanced by combining travel and learning. So is it better to save your gap year until after graduating?

Definitely, when you’ve been in education for all those years, where your life is September to July, a break is a good idea. You can recharge your batteries and see the world outside the classroom. You can practise foreign languages and improve your communication skills. You have time to figure things out and a year of being able to work on different projects. As a result, you may land in a job in the industry you like.

Although some take a gap year after university because they have a job lined up and managed to delay their start date, most are yet to secure work and are biding their time. It’s a common misconception that such individuals immediately go abroad to volunteer or travel. In reality, students don’t have the funds to do this. Many prefer to stay in their country juggling internships and part-time work.

For those who do go abroad, a gap-year stint volunteering is no longer merely a way for middle-class kids to boost their CVs. Graduates say they are making more considered choices. The practical experience of working abroad helps some of them get ready for a master’s, which is something they do not have time to do during their finals.

Graduates are also using gap years to explore different career routes. According to recruitment firm Tempo, more than half of students feel there is too much emphasis placed on graduate schemes when starting out in their career. Elena Ricci, 23, who graduated from the University of Southampton last year, agrees. “After I finished my degree, I didn’t really know what to do. So I worked for a law firm for a month, and then I went to Cambodia on a placement. If I had gone straight into a grad job, I don’t think I would have been happy,” she says.

Although graduates can bring great skills to volunteering and enhance their employability, there are some risks attached. “You are delaying your career or further study for a year and some employers may not get why you’ve done it,” says Manuel Otero, a senior lecturer in social sciences at Cardiff University who specialises in the link between education and work. His advice is not to stand still. It makes sense to work out what to do, and one of the best ways to find out what to do is to try it out.

After her year abroad, Ricci has now decided to start a master’s in September. She says graduates should ignore stereotypes and do what works for them. So, do what you want, regardless of what others might say. It’s up to you to decide. What works out for others may not work out for you, and vice versa. You never know till you try.

12 Why is taking a gap year going out of fashion, according to Beth Adams?

1) It is boring.

2) It is quite expensive.

3) It is too long.

4) It is pointless.

Ответ:

13 Deferring in Paragraph 2 most probably means …

1) rejecting.

2) delaying.

3) getting.

4) choosing.

Ответ:

14 Which advantage of a gap year is NOT mentioned in the text?

1) Understanding what you want.

2) Experiencing a different culture.

3) Becoming better at languages.

4) Having a rest and getting new impressions.

Ответ:

15 Such individuals in Paragraph 4 (“It’s a common misconception that such individuals immediately go abroad …”) refers to …

1) interns and part-time workers.

2) young people with sufficient funds.

3) students having sufficient free time.

4) graduates without a stable job.

Ответ:

16 Which statement about Elena Ricci’s experience is FALSE?

1) She had a vision of her future job.

2) She worked abroad for some time.

3) She worked for a firm for a short time.

4) She is satisfied with her experience.

Ответ:

17 What is the danger of taking a gap year, according to the text?

1) Risk of losing important skills.

2) Having a career in the field you dislike.

3) Misunderstanding on the part of employers.

4) Impossibility of further study.

Ответ:

18 The author advises that students should …

1) study on a master’s programme.

2) copy what other people do.

3) follow their own route.

4) try working after graduation.

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.

The secret of success

19 Thomas A. Edison was a famous American inventor. He __________________ the world a lot of useful inventions.

GIVE

20 He __________________ to be a genius by his contemporaries, However, Edison himself didn’t think so.

CONSIDER

21 He knew that if he didn’t work hard, he__________________ any further success.

NOT ACHIEVE

Ladybirds

22 Ladybirds are beautiful creatures. Farmers love them as they help the crops to stay healthy. __________________ look for them because they believe if you catch a ladybird and let it go free, it will bring good luck and happiness.

CHILD

23 They also love counting spots on ladybirds. They think that the number of spots defines the age of ladybirds. However, it __________________ true.

NOT BE

24 Ladybirds need __________________ spots to scare predators away.

THIS

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25–29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25–29.

Sergey Bezrukov

25 Sergey Bezrukov is a Russian screen and stage actor and singer. He was born in an __________________ family as his father was an actor at the Moscow Satire Theatre.

ARTIST

26 On graduating from the Moscow Art Theatre School Sergey was immediately accepted into the troupe of the Moscow Theatre Studio under Oleg Tabakov. At that time, he also started to do voice-over for TV programmes and __________________ got noticed by TV producers.

QUICK

27 Due to his excellent acting in __________________ films, Sergey soon became a household name in Russia.

VARY

28 The range of his roles is truly __________________. He seems to be able to play anybody – from Russian poets Pushkin and Yesenin to comical figures in funny remakes of old Soviet comedies.

IMPRESS

29 Bezrukov is a prolific actor and director, and his fans are waiting for new __________________ films and plays starring him.

EXCITE

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 30–36. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 30–36, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

A girl from Uganda

It was a special day for the girl from Uganda, a country in Africa. She was 30 ______ to meet the world’s greatest living chess player, which was a great honour for her. The girl was a chess player herself. She had been invited to 31 ______ her story by a committee that had organized a conference in Moscow. That story was one of triumph. It was a story of her childhood in Katwe, Uganda. She would describe how the skills nourished by the principles of the game of chess had 32 ______ her to come to that conference.

There is no word for chess in the girl’s native language. 33 ______, the game had taken her far from home, first to Sudan and Turkey, and finally to Russia. Chess had given her the opportunity to take her first flight above the clouds. Over the years, she had become the best female chess player in Uganda. Though the girl was only 17 years old, she had long competed at the highest level of the game. Her talent and 34 ______ made her one of the most promising young players in the world. The girl’s story was the subject of a book, documentaries, and magazine articles.

The girl still couldn’t believe she was visiting the conference in Moscow. She was very 35 ______ about meeting the world champion, the person she had idolized in her childhood. He had 36 ______ her to push herself so that one day she might achieve the rank of Grand Master, the highest honour in the game.

30

1) supposed

2) supplied

3) suspected

4) succeeded

Ответ:

31

1) say

2) talk

3) speak

4) tell

Ответ:

32

1) approved

2) allowed

3) admitted

4) afforded

Ответ:

33

1) However

2) Despite

3) Otherwise

4) Likewise

Ответ:

34

1) reservation

2) admiration

3) appreciation

4) determination

Ответ:

35

1) enthusiastic

2) abandoned

3) controversial

4) sympathetic

Ответ:

36

1) involved

2) intended

3) impressed

4) inspired

Ответ:

По окончании выполнения заданий 19–36 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов на задания 19–29 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.

Раздел 4. Письменная речь

Для ответов на задания 37 и 38 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 37 и 38 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Соблюдайте нормы письменной речи, записывайте ответы аккуратно и разборчиво.

Укажите номер задания 37 в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и напишите текст своего ответного электронного письма зарубежному другу по переписке.

37 You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Charles:

From: Charles@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@ege.ru

Subject: Internet

… My parents gave me a laptop for my birthday. What do you use the Internet for? What do you usually download from the Internet? Is it popular with Russian teenagers to have their own blogs or websites, why or why not?

Yesterday I went with my class on a school trip to the capital …

Write an email to Charles.

In your message:

– answer his questions;

– ask 3 questions about the school trip.

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных заданий (38.1 или 38.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и выполните согласно данному плану. В ответе на задание 38 числительные пишите цифрами.

38.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what environmental problems Zetland teenagers consider to be the most dangerous. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2–3 facts;

– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with the environment in your region and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of environmental protection for teenagers.

38.2

Imagine that you are doing a project on what is most important about the New Year celebration for Zetlanders. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the pie chart below).

Comment on the data in the pie chart and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2–3 facts;

– make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments;

– outline a problem that can arise with celebrating the New Year and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of family celebrations in our lives.

Проверьте, чтобы каждый ответ был записан рядом с номером соответствующего задания.